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八年级基础知识归纳整理

2018-07-21 11:19 访问量:发布人:未知

 1.下列状况用延续性动词 ①for+一段时刻
  ② since+曩昔的时刻
  延续性动词的现在完成时  since  时间短性动词的一般曩昔时
  ③ how long
  2. have/ has gone to 表明去了还没有回      where
  have/ has been to 表明去了回来了  去过 + 词数(how many times,  twice…)
  have/has been in/at  since…  for…..   how long
  3. how long多长时刻  for+一段时刻    
  since+时刻点
  how soon多久今后  (in a weentil next week)
  how often多久一次  (once a year/ every day,often, never, every other day)
  when      (无现在完成时not until)
  how many/how much  ( none)
  how far     多远 
  five miles
  about 15 minutes’ bus ride
  It takes ten minutes to walk there.
  4.must be表明必定猜想    必定是
  can’t be表明否定猜想   不可能是
  may be= can be表明不确定  可能是
  might                 not sure/ certain 
  must            必定      mustn’t   制止   
  should          应该 
  can               可以 
  may/might  可能      not sure/certain
  5.去某地休假 go to sp. for a/ the/ one’s holiday
  去休假 go on holiday---be on holiday
  6.①曩昔常常做某事 
  used to do sth.---didn’t use to do sth.
  Did sb. use to do sth.
  曩昔曾经有 There used to be +n.
  ②习气于某事 be/get used to sth.
  习气这儿的日子be/get used to life here
  习气于做某事be/get used to doing sth.
  7. It is/ has been +一段时刻 since …..
  It will be +一段时刻 before…..
  can be/ could be/ must be/ was…
  8.去北京出差(去了还没回)
  have/has gone to Beijing on business
  去北京出差(去了现已回)
  have/has been to Beijing on business
  在北京出差  be in Beijing on business
  出国 (去了还没回)have/ has gone abroad
  出国(去了现已回) have/ has been abroad
  在国外      be abroad
  9.a little/ a bit/ a little bit + adj.
  a little/ a bit of + n.
  10.①使或人/某物… make sb./sth.+ adj.
  使我很高兴 make me happy
  使教室整齐make the classroom tidy
  ②使做某事… make it + adj. to do sth.
  使进出城愈加便当 
  make it even easier to travel to and from the city
  11. see sb do sth  现已、常常, often, 全过程
  时间短动词(happen)
  see sb doing sth 正在,片段  
  when, at 8:00, at that time
  12.nothing 表明物      what
  nobody/no one 表明人  who
  none表明数量  how many/ how much
  咱们中没有人 none of us
  咱们中每个人 every  one of us
  13.the number of…  …的数量 奇数
  ①The number of the students is big/large/small.
  ②The number of the students in Class 1 is larger than that of those in Class 2.
  a number of…  许多…= a lot of…复
  14.①find(发现) sth./sb.+adj.
  发现这道题很简单
  find the problem easy
  发现狗死了
  find the dog dead---be found dead
  ②find that+语句(主语+谓语动词)
  He found that the door was closed.
  He found the door closed
  (that) the door was closed.
  ③find(找到)…adv.
  find the lost cat easily
  ②find
  make
  think    it +adj. + to do sth.
  feel
  ◆ make/feel it+adj.+to do sth.
  ◆ find /think it is +adj.+to do sth.
  found/thought it+adj.+to do sth.
  found /thought it was +adj.+to do sth.
  15.①little  几乎没有  否定
  a little 一点   必定
  few   几乎没有  否定
  a few 一些  必定
  固定用法  very little/few
  only a little/a few
  ②little   少的 + 不n.  little bread
  小的+可n.  a little cat
  so little+不n.      这么少
  such little+可n.复   这么小
  such a little+可n.单
  e.g. so little education 这么少的教育
  such little sheep  这么小的绵羊
  such a little mistake 这么小的过错
  16.not only A but (also) B 不只A并且B
  both A and B  A和B两者都
  neither A nor B   A和B两者都不
  either A or B  要么A要么B
  A together with B    A和B  
  A along with B   A和B
  A as well as B   A和B
  A except B  A除了B
  A but B  
  the police 复数
  the Green family=the Greens 复数
  the couple 配偶 复数
  James   奇数
  A or B  A或B     not A but B不是A就是B
  17.all   三者或三者以上都  复数
  none  三者或三者以上都不 奇数或复数
  both  两者都  复数
  neither  两者都不 奇数
  either  两者中任何一个 奇数
  any   三者或三者以上任何一个  奇数
  every   每一个   奇数
  each   每一个   奇数 
  half   两者中的一半
  18.再两个苹果 two more apples
  another two apples
  再一个苹果 one more apple
  another apple
  再百分之四 four more percent
  another four percent
  再一些 some more +可复数/ 不n.
  再许多much more + 不n.   
  much more water
  many more +可复数    
  many more people
  19.some用在必定句中
  any用在否定和一般疑问句中
  假如一般疑问句表明恳求或主张用some
  必定句顶用any表明任何(一个)
  something 某事
  anything 任何事
  nothing 没什么事
  everything 全部
  20.①when什么时分+各种时态
  when当…时分 主将从现、主过从过
  when to do sth.什么时分做某事
  when doing sth.作为某事
  ②if 假如+一现    主将从现   
  if是否+各种时态         
  if…any 
  ③since自从+时间短一过
  since已然、因为+各种时态
  21.①too much+不n.  too much milk
  ②v.+too much   
  eat too much   worch
  ③much too+ adj./adv.  
  much too fat
  ④too many+可n. 复  
  too many stomachs
  If too much is eaten (eat)
  I wonder how much heavier (heavy) I’m getting. 
  22.  sleep---slept---slept  
  sleepy/ asleep
  feel sleepy  (felt  felt)
  fall asleep   (fell  fallen)  
  be asleep
  23.成婚   A marry B
  A get/be married to B
  A and B get married
  She married the man.
  She got married to the man.
  She and the man got married.
  She didn’t know what kind of man she married/
  got married to.
  24.with+① 介词短语
  The teacher came into the room with a smile on her face.
  ② adj.
  He likes to sleep with the windows open/closed.
  ③ doing(表明自动)
  He fell asleep with a book lying open on his knees.
  25.百/千
  two/several hundred/thousand trees
  (many) hundreds/thousands of trees
  two hundred/thousand of the trees
  two hundred/thousand of them
  26.on ① 日期      on June 9th
  ③ day      on Sunday
  ② 气候      on a cold morning
  in    月份、年、时节、一天中的一部分
  on the morning of October 2nd
  in the morning on October 2nd 
  27.the third…   第三…    (着重是第三个)
  a third…       又一、再一…  
  After eating two apples, he ate ________________.
  I have seen this film three times and I want to see it ____
  28.祈使句答复:
  --Don’t do sth.   --OK/Sorry/No, I won’t.
  --Do sth.  --OK/Yes, I will.
  29.---Do you mind my opening the window?
  ---______________. It’s too hot.
  ---Are you sure you don’t mind my opening the window?
  ---______________. It’s too hot.
  (---Are you sure you’ve got everything ready?
  ---_______________, though I’ve checked everything.
  A. I’m afraid so. B. Yes, I’m sure
  C. Sorry, I hope not.  D. I’m afraid not.)
  30.home/here/there/where 前不加介词
  回家/去那儿  go home/there
  去温暖的当地 go somewhere warm
  没当地去/住  have nowhere to go/live
  go somewhere warm/ relaxing 


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